Which of the following describes JavaScript?

JavaScript is primarily known as a client-side programming language, which means it is executed in the user's web browser rather than on the server. This allows it to create dynamic and interactive elements within web pages, such as responding to user inputs, forming animations, and updating content without the need to reload the entire page.

One of the key features of JavaScript is its ability to manipulate the Document Object Model (DOM), which is the structure that browsers use to represent web pages. By running directly in the client’s browser, JavaScript enhances user experience by making websites more responsive and interactive, a critical component of modern web development.

In contrast, other options describe different technologies or functionalities. A server-side language would process requests and manage data on the server before sending resulting web pages to the client. A static markup language, like HTML, is used for creating the structure of web pages but does not provide dynamic functionality. A database management system pertains to software that enables the creation, retrieval, and management of data, and does not directly relate to the programming languages that client browsers interpret and execute.