What term describes the various methods used by a computer to save data and information?

The term that best describes the various methods used by a computer to save data and information is "Computer Storage." This encompasses the different technologies and systems employed to retain digital data over time, such as hard drives, solid-state drives, and cloud storage. All these methods serve the primary function of storing files, applications, and operating systems, ensuring that data can be accessed later when needed.

In the context of data management, while it involves the overall administration of data throughout its lifecycle, it does not specifically focus on the physical storage mechanisms. Similarly, information retrieval pertains to the process of accessing and obtaining data from storage systems, rather than the storage processes themselves. Data preservation typically relates to techniques for maintaining and safeguarding data over time rather than the broader scope of storage methods. Hence, "Computer Storage" is the most accurate term for the question posed.