What does the term 'bus' refer to in computer architecture?

In computer architecture, the term 'bus' refers to a pathway for data transfer. This pathway is essential for communication within a computer system, allowing various components such as the CPU, memory, and input/output devices to exchange information. Buses can carry data, addresses, and control signals, facilitating smooth operation among different parts of the computer.

A bus plays a crucial role in determining the efficiency and performance of data transfer, as it can be designed in various configurations, including parallel and serial formats. The design of a bus can also impact the speed at which data moves within the system and the overall architecture of the computer.

Understanding the function of a bus is key to grasping how computers manage data flow, making it a fundamental concept in computer architecture and design.